Mechanical razors

ABSTRACT

A dry shaver having a plurality of shearheads one of them moving with its cutting surface sideways through friction with the skin.

I United States Patent 1151 3,659,342 Kobler 14 1 May 2, 1972 54]MECHANICAL RAZORS [56] References Cited [72] Inventor: Paul Kobler, 81Fenimore Street, Lyn- FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS brook, NY. 11563811,207 4/1959 Great Britain ..30 34.2

22 Filed: Oct. 21, 1969 [21] Appl. No.: 868,052 Primary ExaminerJames L.Jones, Jr.

us. 01 ..30/43.1 [571 ABSTRACT 5s 1 Field of Search ..30/42, 43.1, 34.1,38, 346.51 A dry Shave havmg a Pluramy warheads of them moving with itscutting surface sideways through friction with the skin.

5 Claims, 6 Drawing Figures MECHANICAL RAZORS BACKGROUND OF THEINVENTION The present invention relates to electrical or mechanical dryshavers with a plurality of shearheads consisting of a case and inside arotary motor or other driving means giving oscillating movements to thecutters inside the shearhead members. At least one shearhead where thecutting surface through friction with the skin is moved sideways thecutting surface or surfaces being lengthwise from end to end, wherebythe angle between cutting surface of the shearhead and the skin of the Iface is changed, to a more acute angle, the skin entering then in asharper angle into the slots of the cutting surface, whereby the skin inminute dimension is formed into a bulge, on said bulge the roots of thehair are more exposed to the cutting edges of the inner knife of theshearhead and a closer shave is achieved. In other words the penetrationof the skin into the cutting slots of the shearhead is in minutemeasurement increased. Minute changes in the angle between skin andcutting surface ofthe razor have beneficial results.

Constructions with a lengthwise straight or curved shearhead have agreat advantage compared with a circularly shaped shearhead. The naturalway to shave is with back and forth movements. With such a natural wayto shave, the result of the lengthwise shaped shearhead is much greaterthan with a circularly shaped shearhead. With a circularly shapedshearhead only a small advance section that touches the skin in forwardand back strokes gives the same result, and it is the advance section inthis invention that counts. With a lengthwise shaped shearhead the wholelength of the shearhead advances simultaneously, that is the'advancesection where the invention takes place is multiplied by the many slotson a lengthwise shaped shearhead. It has to be considered that with acircularly shaped shearhead only one slot the most advanced one is in aperfect position to give the perfect result claimed by this invention. 1

Another object and advantage of this invention is, that it lends itselfvery easely to a balancing movement of the whole shaver. If 4 fingersare held above the shaver case and the thumb underneath the shaver case,the four fingers can balance the case back and forth over the thumb.With it the shearheads are balanced alsowhich increases the efficiencyof the present invention.

The inner cutter of the shearhead is reciprocated by a pin 27. Thisdriving pin is solidly attached to oscillating lever 31. The driving pin27 has over it a sleeve 28. Said pin sleeve 28 has at its base ashoulderl Spring 30 between said shoulder and the oscillating lever 31presses the pin sleeve 28 into a small opening at the base of the innerknife and with it the inner knife is pressed into slose contact with thecutting surface of the outer shearhead member. Not seen in the drawingis a cam mounted on the motor shaft. Said cam gives the oscillatingmotion to lever 31.

Another object of the invention is that the turning point for thesideways free movement of at least one shearhead on the shaver, may bevaried. The turning point may be near or at the base or below the baseof the shearhead. Another advantage of this invention is that withshearheads where the cutting surface consists of a sieve with holes evena small sideways yielding of the shearhead causes less pull on thestubble which have to be cut off.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent fromthe description now to follow of preferred embodiments thereof, in whichreference will be had to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a front view of a shearhead with lengthwise cutting surface,said shearhead attached to the casing that it will move sideways byfriction with the skin of the face.

FIG. 2 is a different embodiment where the sideways turning mechanism ofthe shearhead is not in the center but off center.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a shearhead with the turning point forsideways movement of said head, at the base of the shearhead.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged section in a side view of a section of FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is an assembly of three shearheads on a shaver case showing twoof these heads movable sideways.

FIG. 6 is a part of the mechanism on which the shearheads seen in FIG.1,2 and 4 can move sideways through the friction with the skin.

In FIG. 1 a shearhead 1 is shown attached to a shaver case 2; to theshearhead are attached solidly two pins 3 and 4. In FIG. 1 we seefurther that pin 4 carries in a groove perforated plate 5. Groove 6 withthis perforated plate 5 and also beseen in FIG. 2 and 4. Pin 4 is heldin a tube 7. The double circles in FIG. 1 show cross sections of tube 7.As the shearhead needs very little sideways displacement to achieve thedesired result in this invention the tubes 7 are made wider in diameterthan the diameter of pins 3 and 4 8 denotes the turning point of pin 4which is also seen in FIG. 2. FIG. 1, 9 is a spring to hold pin 4 withthe perforated plate 5 in tube 7. By pressing spring 9 towards tube 7the pin 4 is released and the shearhead with the pins attached can betaken off the shaver.

In FIG. 2 a lengthwise curved shearhead is shown with a pin in an out ofcenter attached tubing. The shearhead pin is held in that tubing 10 by aperforated plate 5. Tubing 10 has at its 'bottom the round shape 7 whileits top has the oval shape 7a.

Therefore pin 4 has a little play inside the tubing 7 as tubing 7 goesconically somewhat apart towards the top where it touches la, Theconical structure of tubing 7 allows shearhead l a to be moved sidewaysby friction with the skin.

Tubing 7 and pin 4 are not on the center line of the shearhead andtherefore the shearhead comb 11 will move at a further distancescompared with shearhead comb 12. A sideview of FIG. 4 shows an enlargedshearhead 1b, with an enlarged pin 4b. Shown is also the perforatedplate 5 with its swivel point 8 both located in the groove 6 of pin 4b.

The lower part 13 of pin 4 is in conical shape.

The conical shaped end of pin 4allows the shearhead to be moved a smalldistance towards the tube walls, in each direction by friction with theskin. Perforated plate 5 has its turning point in the middle of plate 5as'also seen in FIG. 6:1. with number 8.

FIG. 5 shows the lower end of tube 7 with slots 75. Perforated plate 5can be horizontally, sideways moved in these slots 75. In FIG. 1 we seespring 9 with which the perforated plate 5 can be displaced. Saidperforated plate 5 is seen in FIG. 1,2 4 and 5 and and has a fulcrum 8,also seen in FIG. 1,2 and 5, capable of letting pin 4 move sideways onit without friction. Pin 4 is seen in FIG. 1,2 and marked 4b in FIG. 5.

It should be noted that the lower the fulcrum is located, the less thesides of the shearheads dip down with their sideways motions. Thereforea fulcrum placed at the middle height of theshearhead, or above it, dipscircularly the sides of the heads too suddenly steep down and with itdimishes considerably the effect of this invention.

In FIG. 5 we see mounted on a shaver casing three shearheads No. 17, 18and 19. The middle shearhead No. 18 is solidly mounted, or may beremoved similar to the head shown in FIG. 1 with two pins like the pinon the left side of FIG. 1. However heads 17 and 19 move with thefriction of the skin sideways in the same direction, opposite thedirectionin which the shaver is moved by hand over the skin of the face.The beneficial actionof this sideways movement of the shearhead isincreased if more heads may-move sideways. The sideways curved motionwith which the shaver is moved over the skin is indicated by arrow 20.Werecommend to move the shaver over the skin for the first cut instraight movements back and forth like erasing a pencil mark. Then forthe last cut a sideways curved motion is the best to get a close shavefaster.

FIG. 6 shows two embodiments of perforated plate 5. No. 5a is a topview; of said plate and 5b a side view; the raised turning points 8 areindicated with number 8. Plate 5d with side view c has the turning point8 in the middle of said perforated plate 5. The cutting surfaces of eachshearhead seen in FIG. 1,2,3 and 4 are standing in an angle towards eachother. However they may also be horizontal and have instead of cuttingbars a sieve with holes.

In operation the advancing shearhead causes the skin to bulge before thecutting surface. The friction of the skin is bending the loosely mountedshearhead slightly backwards whereby the angle with which the skinenters into the cutting surfaceis changed to an acute angle resulting ina closer, faster more agreeable shave. As the loosely mounted shearheadis yielding to the motion of the shaver, the stubble move slowlierwithout pull between the cutting edges of the shearhead.

lclaim:

1. A dry shaver having a plurality of shearheads with cutting surfaces,at least one of said shearheads loosely mounted on the head assembly,with the fulcrum below the middle of the height of said head, in orderto achieve short, only little curved backward and forward side motionsof the advancing edge of the cutting surface, said advancing edge movingin an almost flat curve which goes along considerably nearer ahorizontal than a vertical imaginery line, said horizontal line goingabove the advancing edge of the shearhead, these motions caused by lightfriction on the skin, when the shaver is moved by hand over said skin,said short, free, without restraint lengthwise side motions of one ormore shearheads moving always forward and backwards in the oppositedirection with which the shaver is moved over the skin, and exposed withthe edge of its cutting surface to a bulge on the skin created by saidadvancing edge when the shaver is moved over the skin to be shaved,which results in a closer shave, the head is provided with a cooperatingreciprocating inner cutter.

2. As described in claim 1 andprovided with means limiting the extent ofsaid short, almost flat curved side motions.

3. As described in claim 1, the fulcrum connected with a releasemechanism that is holding and releasing the shearheads on the shavercase.

4. As described in claim 1: the loosely mounted shearhead being attachedoff. center at the base of said shearhead, whereby one lengthwise edgeof the shearhead base lifts itself with the friction of the skinhigherup than the opposite lengthwiseedge of said base, the loosely mountedshearhead moving more sideways on one side than on the other side, thatis it moves more with the forward motion of the shaver case than withthe backward motion of said case.

5. As described in claim 1, the cutting surfaces of said shearheads maybe lengthwise curved and crosswise roof shaped.

1. A dry shaver having a plurality of shearheads with cutting surfaces,at least one of said shearheads loosely mounted on the head assembly,with the fulcrum below the middle of the height of said head, in orderto achieve short, only little curved backward and forward side motionsof the advancing edge of the cutting surface, said advancing edge movingin an almost flat curve which goes along considerably nearer ahorizontal than a vertical imaginery line, said horizontal line goingabove the advancing edge of the shearhead, these motions caused by lightfriction on the skin, when the shaver is moved by hand over said skin,said short, free, without restraint lengthwise side motions of one ormore shearheads moving always forward and backwards in the oppositedirection with which the shaver is moved over the skin, and exposed withthe edge of its cutting surface to a bulge on the skin created by saidadvancing edge when the shaver is moved over the skin to be shaved,which results in a closer shave, the head is provided with a cooperatingreciprocating inner cutter.
 2. As described in claim 1 and provided withmeans limiting the extent of said short, almost flat curved sidemotions.
 3. As described in claim 1, the fulcrum connected with arelease mechanism that is holding and releasing the shearheads on theshaver case.
 4. As described in claim 1: the loosely mounted shearheadbeing attached off center at the base of said shearhead, whereby onelengthwise edge of the shearhead base lifts itself with the friction ofthe skin higher up than the opposite lengthwise edge of said base, theloosely mounted shearhead moving more sideways on one side than on theother side, that is it moves more with the forward motion of the shavercase than with the backward motion of said case.
 5. As described inclaim 1, the cutting surfaces of said shearheads may be lengthwisecurved and crosswise roof shaped.